The anomaly scan is one of the most important ultrasound examinations in pregnancy. It is also commonly called the TIFFA scan, level-2 scan, or mid-pregnancy anatomy scan. In most pregnancies, it is done between 18 and 22 weeks.
This scan looks carefully at the baby’s physical development. It helps doctors assess the brain, spine, face, heart, stomach, kidneys, limbs, placenta, amniotic fluid, and fetal growth pattern. It is a detailed screening scan, not a guarantee that every possible condition can be ruled out.
Is TIFFA the same as anomaly scan?
In everyday use in India, TIFFA and anomaly scan are often used for the same purpose: a detailed targeted ultrasound to look for fetal structural concerns. The exact reporting format may differ by centre, but the goal is similar.
Why is this scan important?
The scan can reassure families when development appears normal. If a concern is found, it allows the care team to plan the next step early. This may include repeat ultrasound, fetal echo, genetic counselling, amniocentesis, microarray, MRI, pediatric specialist input, or delivery planning at a suitable hospital.
What should parents carry?
Carry previous ultrasound reports, NT scan report, blood screening results, NIPT if done, medical history, and any medication details. If you have twins, diabetes, high blood pressure, previous fetal anomaly, or family history of genetic conditions, tell the specialist before the scan.
Can all birth defects be detected?
No scan can detect every condition. Some findings appear later in pregnancy, some are too subtle, and some are functional rather than structural. A good anomaly scan improves detection and guides decision-making, but ongoing pregnancy care remains important.
When is fetal echo needed?
A fetal echo may be advised when there is a suspected heart finding, increased NT, family history of congenital heart disease, maternal diabetes, certain medications, IVF pregnancy, or other risk factors. Your fetal medicine specialist will decide based on your scan and clinical history.
The best outcome from an anomaly scan is not just a report; it is clear counselling. Parents should leave understanding what was checked, what was normal, whether follow-up is needed, and who to contact next.